Philosophy

Kritik der reinen Vernunft

Kritik der reinen Vernunft

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  • Create Date：2021-05-01 11:58:15
  • Update Date：2025-09-07
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  • Author：Immanuel Kant
  • ISBN：3150064619
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Summary

'The purpose of this critique of pure speculative reason consists in the attempt to change the old procedure of metaphysics and to bring about a complete revolution'

Kant's Critique of Pure Reason （1781） is the central text of modern philosophy。 It presents a profound and challenging investigation into the nature of human reason， its knowledge and its illusions。 Reason， Kant argues， is the seat of certain concepts that precede experience and make it possible， but we are not therefore entitled to draw conclusions about the natural world from these concepts。 The Critique brings together the two opposing schools of philosophy: rationalism， which grounds all our knowledge in reason， and empiricism， which traces all our knowledge to experience。 Kant's transcendental idealism indicates a third way that goes far beyond these alternatives。

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Reviews

یاسر محبوب ，

با ترجمه حداد عادل خواندمسال اول دانشگاهاول برای پُز دادن پیش رفقای کتاب خوان شروع کردماما بعد به خلاصه نویسی بینظیری تبدیل شد。

Elithrion ，

（did not finish - decided not worth proceeding at 20-some%）Tries to refute Hume， but basically gets things more wrong。 Maybe has some merit for understanding the time period， or trying to understand why he gets everything wrong。 Although it really just seems to amount to: "he's really desperate to preserve the notion of a priori knowledge， instead of quietly conceding that it doesn't make sense"。 Also very unreadable， which probably contributes to being wrong。Hume memorably writes that if philos （did not finish - decided not worth proceeding at 20-some%）Tries to refute Hume， but basically gets things more wrong。 Maybe has some merit for understanding the time period， or trying to understand why he gets everything wrong。 Although it really just seems to amount to: "he's really desperate to preserve the notion of a priori knowledge， instead of quietly conceding that it doesn't make sense"。 Also very unreadable， which probably contributes to being wrong。Hume memorably writes that if philosophy wanders more than a couple of steps from everyday experience， it's likely to devolve into nonsense， and Kant decides to illustrate this。 。。。more

Moni ，

5 estrelas só por aquela parte em que o kant é kinda gay pelo hume e a outra parte em que ele diz que a filosofia e a matemática dão as mãos na ciência natural like？ kinda cute ngl

Michael Hooper ，

Undoubtedly important to the philosophical discourse surrounding systems of knowledge。 My favourite part was the third book; transcendental doctrine of elements， where he succinctly explains the difference between philosophy and mathematics， mathematics being a creator of concepts and philosophy an explainer。 It is a difficult read no doubt， and I’d have a dictionary to hand when reading it。

Monica ，

Such a treasure each one of these books is。 I love it。 You can join in NovelStar writing contest happening this April till the end of May with a theme Werewolf。 You can also publish your stories in NovelStar， just email our editors hardy@novelstar。top， joye@novelstar。top， or lena@novelstar。top。

Cristian ，

Too much 4 me。

Shane ，

I studied several excerpts from Kant's Critique of Pure reason while I was in University twenty something years ago but I had never read the hole work， so I finally read it through， like I would Nietzsche。 This is not how this work should be approached。 It reads more like a technical manual than an informative text。 There are some passages that are more interesting and clear but for the most part it is nearly unreadable and unintelligible。 It should be read slowly in small segments pondered and I studied several excerpts from Kant's Critique of Pure reason while I was in University twenty something years ago but I had never read the hole work， so I finally read it through， like I would Nietzsche。 This is not how this work should be approached。 It reads more like a technical manual than an informative text。 There are some passages that are more interesting and clear but for the most part it is nearly unreadable and unintelligible。 It should be read slowly in small segments pondered and practiced before moving on。 What I find most interesting about Kant is a warning of how such a brilliant an careful thinker can go astray by holding to prejudice。 。。。more

Lucas Cordeiro ，

*fala português alienígena filho da puta*

Michelle ，

Kant is so annoying。

Enrico Ribeiro ，

3，5

Bill ，

Kant uses 10 words where he can use 2 or 3， but overall， this book is an amazing breakdown of reason。

Jenny Trick ，

This was a tough text to get through。 I can’t say I enjoyed it at all， but as an important philosophical text I’m glad I can check it off my list。

Peter W-O Berglin ，

Some day I might reread this。 However， the humbling thought that I might not understand more than when I tried the first time around age 20 is daunting。

Tyler Groshong ，

I finished！ What do I even say？ The person I was when I started this book is almost unrecognizable to me now， it's unfathomable how this journey has affected every part of my life。 Reading Critique of Pure Reason was much like （how I imagine） climbing a mountain。。。 I wanted to quit many times， the summit seemed infinitely far away right until the very end， and it wasn't until I was almost finished that I looked back at all the ground covered behind me。 Well， now I'm off to go read all the books I finished！ What do I even say？ The person I was when I started this book is almost unrecognizable to me now， it's unfathomable how this journey has affected every part of my life。 Reading Critique of Pure Reason was much like （how I imagine） climbing a mountain。。。 I wanted to quit many times， the summit seemed infinitely far away right until the very end， and it wasn't until I was almost finished that I looked back at all the ground covered behind me。 Well， now I'm off to go read all the books they said I couldn't read until I'd read Kant！ 。。。more

Caomhghain ，

What can one say？ It's one of the major texts of philosophy and reads like it。 The exposition in the first half is thrilling。 Yes it's very dense and the language can be extremely opaque but on occasion it is beautifully written too。 The second half was of less interest to me as it is Kant's proofs against other philosophers by and large so rather full of less than fascinating logic。 What can one say？ It's one of the major texts of philosophy and reads like it。 The exposition in the first half is thrilling。 Yes it's very dense and the language can be extremely opaque but on occasion it is beautifully written too。 The second half was of less interest to me as it is Kant's proofs against other philosophers by and large so rather full of less than fascinating logic。 。。。more

Michael James ，

Aristotle is omnipresent in this work in the form of the continual reference to the logical principles of noncontradiction and sufficient reason。 Aristotles "rhapsodic"categories of existence are replaced by the more systematic categories of understanding/judgment。 The work discusses also the principles of practical reasoning that result in the duties a Cosmopolitan citizen will perform in a kingdom of ends once rationality has established itself in the minds and conduct of human beings。 Kant su Aristotle is omnipresent in this work in the form of the continual reference to the logical principles of noncontradiction and sufficient reason。 Aristotles "rhapsodic"categories of existence are replaced by the more systematic categories of understanding/judgment。 The work discusses also the principles of practical reasoning that result in the duties a Cosmopolitan citizen will perform in a kingdom of ends once rationality has established itself in the minds and conduct of human beings。 Kant suggests， in a later work， the fascinating time span of one hundred thousand years for this telos to actualise。 Freedom is the idea of reason that possibly eclipses the idea of God。 The metaphysics of previous non-Aristotelian systems is dismantled but replaced with the metaphysics of principles。 The Enlightenment vision of the importance of humanism is expressed in this work but it is important to note that this work is not in the spirit of an agnostic/atheistic secularisation of Religion。 Religion within the bounds of Reason was strongly recommended by Kant。 Faith occurs in the space created by the limitations of our knowledge but this is also within the bounds of reason and rejects supernatural events such as miracles。 Two things fill the mind with awe and wonder Kant concludes in his Critique of Practical Reason: the infinite expanse of space and the moral law within。 God is conspicuous by his absence in this quote but Kant would have regarded as melancholic the secularised picture of deus absconditis。 。。。more

Ethan ，

About halfway through。 Prose is painfully obscure but the content is interesting。 The structure is insane

Joseph M。 ，

attempted to read this last year， I dont deserve to mark it as read since I didnt make it past the transcendental analytic。it was like reading an alien instruction manual for some giant cold mechanism。It will probably give you a headache if you are not versed in philosophy， have fun。

Susi Johnston ，

if you haven't really wrestled with this text， fully， and simultaneously with its sidecar， the Critique of Pure Judgement， in detail， from start to finish， while genuinely engaged personally， existentially， ontologically in the most absolute of expeditionary spelunking science of real learning，i'm actually （and unfortunately for the world at large） not going to be able to engage with you or to constructively carry out anything approximating a dialog together if its anywhere around art， arts， and if you haven't really wrestled with this text， fully， and simultaneously with its sidecar， the Critique of Pure Judgement， in detail， from start to finish， while genuinely engaged personally， existentially， ontologically in the most absolute of expeditionary spelunking science of real learning，i'm actually （and unfortunately for the world at large） not going to be able to engage with you or to constructively carry out anything approximating a dialog together if its anywhere around art， arts， and such like。 I'm not endorsing or cultifying Kant。 I'm just saying， "there's the dopest dope we know"。 。。。more

Tobija ，

One of those books that everyone talks about and nobody reads。 With reason。 Es ist nämlich schwere Kost。

Barrett Smith ，

To preface this， I did not read this work in its entirety。 For my initial reading， I read the following sections:- First and Second Prefaces- Introduction B （B1-B30）- Transcendental Aesthetic （A19/B33 - B73）- Transcendental Deduction of the Categories （B130 - B165）- Distinction between Phenomena and Noumena （A236/B295 - A260/B315）- The Transcendental Dialectic: Antimony of Pure Reason （A406/B433 - A434/B462）- Ideal of Pure Reason （A572/B600 - A614/B642）I can now understand （and appreciate） why K To preface this， I did not read this work in its entirety。 For my initial reading， I read the following sections:- First and Second Prefaces- Introduction B （B1-B30）- Transcendental Aesthetic （A19/B33 - B73）- Transcendental Deduction of the Categories （B130 - B165）- Distinction between Phenomena and Noumena （A236/B295 - A260/B315）- The Transcendental Dialectic: Antimony of Pure Reason （A406/B433 - A434/B462）- Ideal of Pure Reason （A572/B600 - A614/B642）I can now understand （and appreciate） why Kant was so revolutionary for his time。 When reading the differences between the phenomena and noumena， it clicked: The natural sciences exists in the phenomenal realm， traditional metaphysics （that which concerns itself with knowledge of God， the Soul， and the World）， exists within the noumenal realm， and Kantian Metaphyiscs is the line between the two。 By drawing this line， Kant locked himself out of heaven， and his ghost has been haunting the tradition of philosophy ever since。 。。。more

Henrique Iwao ，

Confirmo se tratar de uma obra prima。 Também confirmo a dificuldade da leitura - quase sempre técnica， metódica e complexa。 Precisa que paremos para rabiscar coisas， ir tentando dominar o vocabulário próprio que cresce em número， e que vai com mais e mais determinações， ficando cada vez mais específico。 De modo que， após sofrer um pouco em tentativas erráticas de leitura， optei por algo similar à prática musical da "meia hora por dia"， convertida para as 10 páginas de Kant diárias， quase sempre Confirmo se tratar de uma obra prima。 Também confirmo a dificuldade da leitura - quase sempre técnica， metódica e complexa。 Precisa que paremos para rabiscar coisas， ir tentando dominar o vocabulário próprio que cresce em número， e que vai com mais e mais determinações， ficando cada vez mais específico。 De modo que， após sofrer um pouco em tentativas erráticas de leitura， optei por algo similar à prática musical da "meia hora por dia"， convertida para as 10 páginas de Kant diárias， quase sempre dobradas em 20， exigindo repetição da leitura de quase cada parágrafo。 Agora， em que pese a dificuldade， é um texto maravilhosamente consistente， com uma estrutura fascinante。 Para quem já ouviu falar dos temas abordados （o correlacionismo， o tempo e o espaço como as formas da intuição， o bloqueio do dogmatismo mas o avanço especulativo moral disciplinado que permite ultrapassar o ceticismo， a refutação da existência de Deus， com a subsequente salvação da ideia de Deus， a separação entre fenômeno e númeno， a delimitação dos limites da razão， a especificação dos poderes da especulação no âmbito moral， o estabelecimento de uma arquitetura das disciplinas da razão e de um arcabouço da razão em sentido geral）， adentrar nos meandros vale muito a pena， pois eles， acima do estabelecimento de temáticas， discutidas por outros n autores， tem uma riqueza de argumentação e delineamento ímpar。 É isso， recomendo aos corajosos。 E sim， é uma primeira leitura， longe de dar conta do conteúdo。 Mas é preciso começar de algum lugar， como por exemplo， de um dia e suas 10 páginas。。。 。。。more

Joe B。 ，

“Behold， I am vile; what shall I answer thee？ I will lay mine hand upon my mouth。” - Job to God， Reid to Hume， and Me to Kant。 I have no words。

J。C。J。 Bergman ，

Kant is very concise in comparison to a lot of other philosophers and I appreciated that。 I won't lie and say I read this book cover to cover because the majority of its contents I skipped out of convenience and I was content with roughly getting his points。 But， this is the sort of book you study and return to anyway so I doubt anybody can be blamed for such。I won't leave a rating because it didn't come across to me as being personal enough to earn any sort of rating given is a pretty dry and u Kant is very concise in comparison to a lot of other philosophers and I appreciated that。 I won't lie and say I read this book cover to cover because the majority of its contents I skipped out of convenience and I was content with roughly getting his points。 But， this is the sort of book you study and return to anyway so I doubt anybody can be blamed for such。I won't leave a rating because it didn't come across to me as being personal enough to earn any sort of rating given is a pretty dry and upfront philosophical text。 。。。more

Jacob Rose ，

I have to rate this book one star， because I did not understand it。As I am aware， texts and written communication convey ideas and thoughts to people through a meaningful selection of words。 This is the essence of a book。 If this is the case， this is not a book。 The collection of words here might as well be randomly generated， backwards， in invisible ink， or written in Swahili - it would not change what i took away from this book。Will be staying away from continental philosophy from now on。

Miguel ，

Darling， you give philosophy a bad name。Seriously， this is too much， in every way。 It's just too complex and dense。 In literally five minutes， I already had a sheet of paper full of concepts and notes。。。 This is far beyond my grasp and patience。 Am I supposed to understand why space is not a concept？ Darling， you give philosophy a bad name。Seriously， this is too much， in every way。 It's just too complex and dense。 In literally five minutes， I already had a sheet of paper full of concepts and notes。。。 This is far beyond my grasp and patience。 Am I supposed to understand why space is not a concept？ 。。。more

Christian Lee ，

I write a review for this work bc:1） It is dense。 I was blessed to have the support of others in understanding the messages。 I would be happy to do the same for others on a philosophical journey。 This is not a casual book that one stumbles upon。2） I have （personally） only come across one other text that has been so timeless and encompassing in understanding the human experience。 Kant is the ultimate observationalist where Logic is Law。 I can see why this is considered in some circles as the "Ath I write a review for this work bc:1） It is dense。 I was blessed to have the support of others in understanding the messages。 I would be happy to do the same for others on a philosophical journey。 This is not a casual book that one stumbles upon。2） I have （personally） only come across one other text that has been so timeless and encompassing in understanding the human experience。 Kant is the ultimate observationalist where Logic is Law。 I can see why this is considered in some circles as the "Atheist's bible" I would like to note that this book does not deserve any of the negative/positive connotations that either of those words carry。 This work is a guideline for rational reasoners。 。。。more

Paul Chatlain ，

Easily one of the most important books regarding epistemology。

F B ，

Schifosi idealismi。

Mattieu Rogers ，

Very difficult， I would have to read it again to pull anything from it。

Reference

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