Psychology

Las personas más raras del mundo

Las personas más raras del mundo

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  • Type：Epub+TxT+PDF+Mobi
  • Create Date：2022-11-01 02:51:35
  • Update Date：2025-09-07
  • Status：finish
  • Author：Joseph Henrich
  • ISBN：8412553918
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Summary

Un relato audaz y épico sobre cómo la coevolución de la psicología y la cultura creó la peculiar mente occidental que ha moldeado profundamente el mundo moderno。 Quizás usted sea RARO: criado en una sociedad occidental， educada， industrializada， rica y democrática。 Si es así， eres bastante peculiar psicológicamente。 A diferencia de la mayor parte del mundo actual， y de la mayoría de las personas que han existido， las personas RARAS son muy individualistas， obsesionadas con sí mismas， orientadas al control， inconformistas y analíticas。 Se centran en sí mismos -sus atributos， logros y aspiraciones- por encima de sus relaciones y roles sociales。 ¿Cómo llegaron a ser las poblaciones WEIRD tan psicológicamente distintas？ ¿Qué papel desempeñaron estas diferencias psicológicas en la revolución industrial y la expansión global de Europa durante los últimos siglos？ En ‘El pueblo más raro del mundo’， Joseph Henrich se basa en investigaciones de vanguardia en antropología， psicología， economía y biología evolutiva para explorar estas cuestiones y otras más。 El autor explica los orígenes y la evolución de las estructuras familiares， el matrimonio y la religión， así como el profundo impacto de estas transformaciones culturales en la psicología humana。 Al trazar un mapa de estos cambios a través de la historia antigua y la antigüedad tardía， Henrich revela que las instituciones más fundamentales del parentesco y el matrimonio cambiaron drásticamente bajo la presión de la Iglesia Católica Romana。 Fueron estos cambios los que dieron lugar a la psicología WEIRD que coevolucionaría con los mercados impersonales， la especialización laboral y la libre competencia， sentando las bases del mundo moderno。 Provocador y atractivo tanto por su amplio alcance como por sus sorprendentes detalles， El pueblo más raro del mundo’ explora cómo la cultura， las instituciones y la psicología se moldean mutuamente， y explica lo que esto significa tanto para nuestro sentido más personal de quiénes somos como individuos como para las fuerzas sociales， políticas y económicas a gran escala que impulsan la historia humana。

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Reviews

Akoneri ，

In very methodical and scientific detail， Joseph Henrich， explains the origins of the western culture and its continued impact on our world。 If Culture Map educates us on the cultural variations in the world， this book explains the reasoning。 Must read。。。 In very methodical and scientific detail， Joseph Henrich， explains the origins of the western culture and its continued impact on our world。 If Culture Map educates us on the cultural variations in the world， this book explains the reasoning。 Must read。。。 。。。more

Doug O'laughlin ，

Pretty challenging read。 Not as good as secrets of our success but is the most convincing explanation of East vs west and definitely helps explain some western weirdness of mine。

D。 Parker Samelson ，

One of my new favorite books。 Completely changes the way I think about the east vs west cultural divide。

Brian Moynihan ，

A key insight into just how bizarre what we consider normal really is when you zoom out to world history or look at other cultures

Jennifer ，

An intriguing and compelling examination of how Western people and culture moved from a kin-based society to an individualistic， capitalist one that encourages geographic mobility and innovation。 As an academic， Henrich includes many graphs and cites multiple studies and statistics。 There are 3 appendices and long endnotes and bibliography sections， yet the text also has an engaging narrative with occasional humor。 This book will take a time commitment （and would serve as good weapon due to its An intriguing and compelling examination of how Western people and culture moved from a kin-based society to an individualistic， capitalist one that encourages geographic mobility and innovation。 As an academic， Henrich includes many graphs and cites multiple studies and statistics。 There are 3 appendices and long endnotes and bibliography sections， yet the text also has an engaging narrative with occasional humor。 This book will take a time commitment （and would serve as good weapon due to its physical heft） but gives the reader a deep understanding of the impact of events and decisions made 1000 years ago have made on how our current world works。 。。。more

Ashley Heggi ，

Fascinating read; 3。75-4 stars for me （but rounded up for sure）。 The organization lost me a few times， but that may have been due to the fact that I listened to it as an audio book。 Great if you want more context for why the West's general psychological perspective is more of an outlier than the norm， and what that might mean。 Fascinating read; 3。75-4 stars for me （but rounded up for sure）。 The organization lost me a few times， but that may have been due to the fact that I listened to it as an audio book。 Great if you want more context for why the West's general psychological perspective is more of an outlier than the norm， and what that might mean。 。。。more

Bubbly Srinath ，

Abhijit Iyer Mitra recommended this book，The WEIRDest People in the World by Joseph Henrich， on Kushal Mehra's "The Cārvāka Podcast' titled 'Turkic Invasions Part 1: Why India couldn't defeat Turkic Invasions'。 Abhijit Iyer Mitra recommended this book，The WEIRDest People in the World by Joseph Henrich， on Kushal Mehra's "The Cārvāka Podcast' titled 'Turkic Invasions Part 1: Why India couldn't defeat Turkic Invasions'。 。。。more

Emanuela ，

Nell'ultimo capitolo del libro viene fornito uno schema sintetico dei contenuti che puoi vedere al link qui sotto:Schema del libroSarebbe stato più opportuno metterlo all'inizio perché i concetti presentati nelle pagine， più di 800， sono spesso ripetuti， almeno nelle premesse iniziali， ovvero:-la popolazione occidentale è strana （WEIRD: western， educated， industrialized， rich， democratic） rispetto al resto di quella mondiale;-tutto ciò è stato determinato da una scelta della Chiesa Cattolica di Nell'ultimo capitolo del libro viene fornito uno schema sintetico dei contenuti che puoi vedere al link qui sotto:Schema del libroSarebbe stato più opportuno metterlo all'inizio perché i concetti presentati nelle pagine， più di 800， sono spesso ripetuti， almeno nelle premesse iniziali， ovvero:-la popolazione occidentale è strana （WEIRD: western， educated， industrialized， rich， democratic） rispetto al resto di quella mondiale;-tutto ciò è stato determinato da una scelta della Chiesa Cattolica di Occidente riguardo alla strutturazione famigliare。 Scelta le cui conseguenze erano allora determinate da motivi che non sono tuttora ben chiari （si fa qualche supposizione）， ma che hanno avuto conseguenze inaspettate。La scelta in oggetto è stata quella di vietare i matrimoni poligami， il concubinato， i matrimoni tra parenti （arrivati fino al VI grado）。 Queste scelte sono state operate recentemente da alcune nazioni non propriamente occidentali quali la Cina， il Giappone， la Corea del Sud。Le imposizioni della Chiesa hanno comportato una rivisitazione strutturale della società in cui sono emersi comportamenti più individualisti （non si dà a questo termine un'accezione negativa， ma è intesa come consapevolezza del sé autonomo， svincolato dalla rete famigliare） che， all'arrivo della riforma protestante dopo circa 1000 anni， sono sfociati in una nuova consapevolezza esistenziale。I test psicologici sottoposti alle diverse popolazioni mondiali， （anche a tribù isolate dalla civiltà） e confrontate con i gradi di parentela dei matrimoni， danno proprio l'indice correlato di diversità di approccio psicologico verso il mondo: agricolo， stanziale， incluso e bloccato quello che ha nuclei a livello intenso di parentele; più imprenditoriale， nomade， aperto e dinamico， costituito da nuclei mono famigliari e monogami， così come aveva imposto la Chiesa Cattolica ai suoi inizi。Lettura molto interessante perché si addentra nei diversi aspetti della vita sociale e mostra i cambiamenti， lenti ma potenti， che hanno portato alla "stranezza" della civiltà occidentale。Dalla documentazione allegata sembra proprio che questa non sia una teoria， ma un dato oggettivo。 Per chi ha pazienza si possono leggere le note e i riferimenti， nonché i grafici dei risultati dei test。Sul futuro del mondo si consiglia caldamente di evitare di proporre soluzioni alle popolazioni che non hanno gli strumenti psicologici per interpretarli。 Ad esempio l'esportazione del diritto individuale o della democrazia che non fanno parte del contesto culturale di popoli che non hanno maturato un percorso come quello dell'occidente。 。。。more

Aaron Torrez ，

A bit derivative of his own writing （he refers to other books from the start and repeats information already presented） and repetitive， at some points I felt the author was in need of reaching a word count and could have presented his ideas more efficiently。

Lishan ，

insightful

Flo Schuck ，

Very fresh and unexpected （at least for me） jump into psychology and the role of culture in explaining differences between countries。 Many studies are cited and the author explains meticulously the pros and cons of each study， though probably with a strong bias in favor of his thesis。 I'm not able to double check on all of the studies， but his explanations seem sound， with only very few exceptions。 A good and long read， and definitely changed the way I see human psychology！ Very fresh and unexpected （at least for me） jump into psychology and the role of culture in explaining differences between countries。 Many studies are cited and the author explains meticulously the pros and cons of each study， though probably with a strong bias in favor of his thesis。 I'm not able to double check on all of the studies， but his explanations seem sound， with only very few exceptions。 A good and long read， and definitely changed the way I see human psychology！ 。。。more

Christopher J Finlayson ，

A mind altering exploration of how culture has shaped our mindsThe Weirdest People in the World sits alongside books like Guns， Germs and Steal as an ambitious attempt to explain the evolution of our modern world。 The books central premise is that cultural psychology， forged by inter group competition， explains much of the evolution of the Western world。 This cultural frame is a new way of thinking about history。 The author’s argument can be briefly summarized as follows:- Primitive societies or A mind altering exploration of how culture has shaped our mindsThe Weirdest People in the World sits alongside books like Guns， Germs and Steal as an ambitious attempt to explain the evolution of our modern world。 The books central premise is that cultural psychology， forged by inter group competition， explains much of the evolution of the Western world。 This cultural frame is a new way of thinking about history。 The author’s argument can be briefly summarized as follows:- Primitive societies organized around kin-based tribes or clans of related tribes， bound together by intermarriage， spiritual rituals and/or a chief - Universalizing religions created structures that expanded social relations more broadly beyond kin groups- Cultural technologies spread through inter group competition， with fit groups growing their population through birth and defectors， and other groups remaining small and disintegrating or being destroyed- The Catholic Church’s marriage prohibitions （Marriage and Family Plan） forced middle income people to look outside of their immediate area for mates， which weakened the kin-based networks and created more dispersed societal bonds- Impersonal markets helped promote impersonal pro-sociality （cooperation with strangers） whereas kin-based societies exceled at interpersonal pro-sociality which is trust between people you know based on a web of relationships - Interpersonal pro-sociality allows for the development of voluntary associations （to say manage public resources or Medieval towns which competed to attract labor）， which are the precursors for formal institutions - Cities attract people from afar， breaking kin-based networks and allowing a new basis for impersonal social networks to form- These cities organized into guilds and professional associates， which led to town charters and eventually self-governance based on representative assemblies and laws- These aggregations of skilled people led to a large collective brain， which produced more random chance recombination innovation， which propelled the economic growth of WEIRD societies 。。。more

fitrisia indah ，

I just love how blunt this book is。 No， in fact， I love it when academic researchers wrote 'popular books' to excitedly communicate their specific or niche findings to a larger audience。 In this book， for example， in one moment the author lowkey demeans the "WEIRD" reader with statements like "。。。。you think this is common？ That's because you're WEIRD" and in another， he randomly puts a passage on the specific steps to make a deadly poison arrow used by Congo Basin hunter-gatherer （ends with a ca I just love how blunt this book is。 No， in fact， I love it when academic researchers wrote 'popular books' to excitedly communicate their specific or niche findings to a larger audience。 In this book， for example， in one moment the author lowkey demeans the "WEIRD" reader with statements like "。。。。you think this is common？ That's because you're WEIRD" and in another， he randomly puts a passage on the specific steps to make a deadly poison arrow used by Congo Basin hunter-gatherer （ends with a caution 'DO NOT try this at home'）- just to explain to the reader how knowledge is passed and evolved across generation。 Weird choice of example， but effective。。。 。。。more

Ruth ，

Rec by Byas in 4th worldview lecture

Julian Weitzenfeld ，

This book sets the intellectual agenda for the 21st century。 It significantly affects work in psychology， history， economics， and philosophy， among others。 Tightly argued， it presents a strikingly new account of how personalies， affected by culture， drove the enlightenment and the industrial revolution。

Steve Gross ，

It's an interesting thesis， but。。。 it's soooo long and filled with dubious graphs。 It does the annoying sociology thing; creating terms like "Near-kinship sock assessment relativity" and then applying it in all kinds of places。 It's an interesting thesis， but。。。 it's soooo long and filled with dubious graphs。 It does the annoying sociology thing; creating terms like "Near-kinship sock assessment relativity" and then applying it in all kinds of places。 。。。more

Sstweedle ，

The book and the studies presented in it are fascinating and for me completely changed the way I consider social norms， however ultimately it becomes repetitive and each idea feels like it's drawn out endlessly where it could have been presented in a more concise manner。 The book and the studies presented in it are fascinating and for me completely changed the way I consider social norms， however ultimately it becomes repetitive and each idea feels like it's drawn out endlessly where it could have been presented in a more concise manner。 。。。more

Stephen ，

Interesting take on western society and culture

Andrew H。 ，

After buying this excitedly， eager to learn how WEIRD （western， educated， industrialized， rich and democratic） nations came to be so WEIRD， sat down and started reading。 And reading， reading， and reading。 In between， I would fall asleep， and a week later open the book and find， disappointingly， that I was still on page 49。There were graphs， and studies， and charts。 Data， figures， and studies。 From 500 BC to 1500 AD。 Every chapter introduced new graphs， and studies， and charts。 I thought I would After buying this excitedly， eager to learn how WEIRD （western， educated， industrialized， rich and democratic） nations came to be so WEIRD， sat down and started reading。 And reading， reading， and reading。 In between， I would fall asleep， and a week later open the book and find， disappointingly， that I was still on page 49。There were graphs， and studies， and charts。 Data， figures， and studies。 From 500 BC to 1500 AD。 Every chapter introduced new graphs， and studies， and charts。 I thought I would lose my mind reading charts of obscure African tribes compared to obscure Asian ones， and how Catholic nations compared to Protestant nations in terms of their graphs， and studies， and charts。 The Holy Roman Empire percentage of 14-28 who were married by age 20 and produced how many children， etc If I had to simplistically and ignorantly sum up this book， it is this: the author purports to demonstrate， through graphs， and studies， and charts， that the Christian Church formed the mindset of the independent thinker， the economics， the social organization of Western countries， to remove the idea that kinship and families are what matter。 In their place， the Christian Church created a social structure of trust， where strangers， say a Polish violin maker， could partner with a German woodcutter， and take their violins to Paris to sell them。Innovations followed because strangers built upon the successes of other strangers， in the manufacturing and design of such breakthroughs as the printing press and the spinning wheel。 Vast industries emerged from discoveries in steam， electricity， chemistry， steel making and transportation。 The retardation of other nations and peoples who are not WEIRD， lies with their insistence that families， heredity， kinship are the ones you do business with。 By limiting their interactions they destroyed their chances of economic and technological progress。The WEIRD nations have also enjoyed those sexual restrictions which were placed upon families by the Christian Church and made illegal polygamy， incest， marriages between first and second cousins， thereby enhancing the genetic strength of the WEIRD nations。There may be some who consider this book to be a tad on the reactionary side， almost a self-congratulatory story of the progress of Western civilization。 That the scientific advances of Europe should be tied to the primitive， irrational， illogical mysticism of the Christian faith is something that this book does not quite ponder。 。。。more

Ryan-Patrick McLaughlin ，

Very interesting and definitely worth a read。 Especially good read for those who want all the stats and supporting methodology in the corpus of the book。 I found it a bit more academic than I was interested in at the time I read it。

David Tenemaza Kramaley ，

Good content but I think the book would have been better if it was about 50-60% of its current size。 Too long and thus hard to read。

Wayne ，

I thought Henrich did an admirable job of trying to tie together the evidence of cultural psychological differences among people of various cultures with an overarching reason why WEIRD people historically developed that way。 However， I remain skeptical that the differences can be explained in an overarching way to causes like the Catholic Church， the reduction of cousin marriage alone， and the Protestant ethic。 While those might be contributors， there could be many other contributors and except I thought Henrich did an admirable job of trying to tie together the evidence of cultural psychological differences among people of various cultures with an overarching reason why WEIRD people historically developed that way。 However， I remain skeptical that the differences can be explained in an overarching way to causes like the Catholic Church， the reduction of cousin marriage alone， and the Protestant ethic。 While those might be contributors， there could be many other contributors and exceptions in that history。 I wonder if the Arabic philosophers， scientists and mathematicians in the middle ages would have been found to have WEIRD thinking patterns。 There were many great thinkers in the Greek philosophers who were definitely analytical and many analytical thinkers in the early Christian church both in the West and in the East。 There are likely many other exceptions to Henrich's overarching theme throughout much of history in the last 1000+ years。 。。。more

JP Mitton ，

The most interesting book I've read this year （2022） so far。 The most interesting book I've read this year （2022） so far。 。。。more

Markus Bredberg ，

Moral philosophy is a product of psychology and psychology is a product of 。 。 。 well， biological and cultural evolution。 In this gently controversial book， Joseph Henrich focuses on how cultural evolution produced the peculiar psychology of people in the west。 More precisely he argues that Protestant Christianity chased out kinship-based cooperation， by controlling marriages， introducing an omnipotent， omniscient， and omnipresent God， and inviting people to read the bible and assume responsibil Moral philosophy is a product of psychology and psychology is a product of 。 。 。 well， biological and cultural evolution。 In this gently controversial book， Joseph Henrich focuses on how cultural evolution produced the peculiar psychology of people in the west。 More precisely he argues that Protestant Christianity chased out kinship-based cooperation， by controlling marriages， introducing an omnipotent， omniscient， and omnipresent God， and inviting people to read the bible and assume responsibility for their own spiritual journeys。 According to Henrich， this resulted in individualistic， industrious， analytical and free people which has been necessary to invigorate trust for government agencies and businessmen。 I find little room for disagreement with Henrich's impressive idea。 The only two thing I know disturb me in this otherwise brilliant book is the apparent bias in favour of the WEIRD psychology， and the tediousness of the many lengthy historical examples of cultural evolution in different regions of the world。 。。。more

Olga ，

Many unique and interesting theories， building on some foundational cornerstones （theories posed in Diamond’s Guns Germs and Steel， cultural evolution， etc。）。 Also an interesting fusion of psychology， anthropology/sociology and history。 Couple of negatives from me: - this could have been written in a more clearly and logically organised way （sure Henrich followed a structure， but at times it felt like a conversation he was trying to have， which was sometimes repetitive）。 - centrality of some the Many unique and interesting theories， building on some foundational cornerstones （theories posed in Diamond’s Guns Germs and Steel， cultural evolution， etc。）。 Also an interesting fusion of psychology， anthropology/sociology and history。 Couple of negatives from me: - this could have been written in a more clearly and logically organised way （sure Henrich followed a structure， but at times it felt like a conversation he was trying to have， which was sometimes repetitive）。 - centrality of some theories posed left me a bit skeptical or unconvinced about whether they truly were foundational， or one of several drivers that intermingled together。 - the thesis posed questions and rebuttals for me， which I feel where quite obvious ones and I hoped Henrich would have addressed （but he did not）。 Despite the con’s， given I’ve never read something like this before， I feel like I really walked away with new ideas I could hold on to。 So， 4 stars overall。 。。。more

Gevorg Harutyunyan ，

Big amount of information that contains a lot of statistical data。 If you are a fan of sociology， this book is definitely for you， else it might be boring reading about a lot of statistics that is super hard to fact check。

Tom McEnery ，

Superb， top 5， read this book

Rajiv Chopra ，

This is a good book， but not a perfect one。 Joseph Henrich has quoted extensive research， and some of the forces that changed the West surprised me。 I agree with much of what he wrote - the move away from a kinshp-based society to one based on individuality helped them move towards economic and innovative strengths。 Apart from the influence of the Church， he spoke of the rise of towns， town charters， and universities。 This has all been significant。However， I disagree with some of his conclusions This is a good book， but not a perfect one。 Joseph Henrich has quoted extensive research， and some of the forces that changed the West surprised me。 I agree with much of what he wrote - the move away from a kinshp-based society to one based on individuality helped them move towards economic and innovative strengths。 Apart from the influence of the Church， he spoke of the rise of towns， town charters， and universities。 This has all been significant。However， I disagree with some of his conclusions。 For instance， he says commerce makes people fair in their dealings， and trustworthy。 This， therefore， spills over into greater compliance in daily life。 He quotes examples of diplomats from certain third-world countries who are more liable to avoid paying parking fees than those from "WEIRD" societies。 Also， the fact that Western people walk faster than those from countries like Indonesia makes them more purpose-driven。He is correct - I believe - in most of what he has written。 However， I do not think he has completed the picture。 1。 The societal changes did drive the Western countries to be more competitive， and innovative。 However， this does not mean they are more honest。 Joseph Henrich brushed off colonialism and exploitation of the environment。 He did not even mention slavery。 However， the history of the West indicates that， without these three 'evils'， the West would not have risen。 Commerce did not make them more honest！2。 A Western person lives in colder climate zones。 It is possible to walk faster than a person living in a hot， humid country like Indonesia。 In my own experience， I walk faster when I am in Europe than when I am in Delhi's summer！These are significant weaknesses and detract from the value of the book。 However， there are some excellent lessons to be gleaned from the book。 These lessons are what make the book worth reading。 。。。more

Alex Kormschikov ，

Lots of pseudo-science nonsense， looks like the author spend more time inventing WEIRD acronym and looking for any data points that could support this ‘theory’ rather than actually studying cause and effect of what he is writing about。 Don’t waste your time and money on this book

Roman Faminou ，

I found the book dense， and it took me some effort to get through it。 However， this is more than compensated by the novelty of Joseph Heinrich's theory， and the changed view of the world which it gave me。"Guns， Germs and Steel" is great at explaining early societies。 This book， to me， nailed the explanation of early modern and modern societies。 I found the book dense， and it took me some effort to get through it。 However， this is more than compensated by the novelty of Joseph Heinrich's theory， and the changed view of the world which it gave me。"Guns， Germs and Steel" is great at explaining early societies。 This book， to me， nailed the explanation of early modern and modern societies。 。。。more

Reference

google book https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=Las personas más raras del mundo

hathitrust digital library https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/ls?q1=Las personas más raras del mundo&field1=ocr&a=srchls&ft=ft&lmt=ft

The British Library https://bll01.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,Las personas más raras del mundo&tab=LibraryCatalog&search_scope=Not_BL_Suppress&vid=44BL_INST:BLL01&lang=en&offset=0