Tito's Underground Air Base: Bihac (Zeljava) Underground Yugoslav Air Force Base, 1964-1992

Tito's Underground Air Base: Bihac (Zeljava) Underground Yugoslav Air Force Base, 1964-1992

  • Downloads:5775
  • Type:Epub+TxT+PDF+Mobi
  • Create Date:2021-03-28 14:15:24
  • Update Date:2025-09-06
  • Status:finish
  • Author:Bojan Dimitrijević
  • ISBN:1913118673
  • Environment:PC/Android/iPhone/iPad/Kindle

Summary

The air force of Tito's Yugoslavia has had many different peculiarities - from a unique Cold War position of having operated a mix of US, Soviet, and indigenous aircraft and equipment, to the changeable strategies in case of war。

One such feature was an entire underground air base constructed inside a hill near the town of Bihac, in western Bosnia。 'The Object' was the core, the heart, of this air base: it housed four MiG-21 squadrons for nearly 25 years, until the civil war tore Yugoslavia apart。

'The Object' was built as the outcome of Yugoslav military efforts to build up its independent defence capabilities, especially the air force which was regarded as the strategic tool in keeping Tito's Yugoslavia's independence from both Cold War blocks。 There were a few other underground shelters built at Yugoslavia's air bases, but Bihac underground air base remained the only underground facility which was permanently used。

Bihac Air Base was constructed directly on the border between two former federal states of Yugoslavia, now two independent countries: The Republic of Croatia, and The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina。 Indeed, their post-independence border runs between the former taxiways and underground entrances。 Nowadays, its ruins are a place of pilgrimage by many aviation and military enthusiasts, and is known as 'Zeljava', after a nearby village on the Croatian side。

In its five chapters this book provides an in-depth account of the design and construction of the air base and its 'underground object', and a detailed account of the activities of its MiG-21 squadrons and everyday operations in the period between 1968 and 1991。 The book concludes with an exhaustive description of combat operations during the final year of the existence of the Bihac Air Base in 1991-1992, under the conditions of the civil war。

Drawing upon exclusive archival sources - many of them classified until very recently - the authors have expanded the emerging story through interviews with dozens of officers and other ranks that served at this 'underground aircraft carrier', thus managing to fill the gaps in usage not covered by the documentation。

'Tito's Underground Air Base' is lavishly illustrated with a huge collection of exclusive photographs collected from numerous archives, museums, and private collections, and a set of authentic colour profiles and diagrams。 It is a unique source of reference about one of most fascinating projects related to underground military facilities constructed during the Cold War。

Download

Reviews

Robert Neil Smith

Where would you hide your Air Force in the event of a nuclear war? This was a question that preyed on the minds of Yugoslav military planners in the early phases of the Cold War。 Their answer: carve out the inside of a hill and put the warplanes in it。 So begins the fascinating story of Tito’s Underground Air Base brought to us by two experts in Yugoslav military history。The base started with the question that became an idea then reality。 Dimitrijevic and Micevski describe the ‘Top-Secret’ base’ Where would you hide your Air Force in the event of a nuclear war? This was a question that preyed on the minds of Yugoslav military planners in the early phases of the Cold War。 Their answer: carve out the inside of a hill and put the warplanes in it。 So begins the fascinating story of Tito’s Underground Air Base brought to us by two experts in Yugoslav military history。The base started with the question that became an idea then reality。 Dimitrijevic and Micevski describe the ‘Top-Secret’ base’s planning and construction near Bihać, now in Bosnia – it was not Top-Secret for long。 Work began in 1957 and took nearly a decade to complete, though the first asphalt covered runways were laid down in 1964。 Mig-21 fighters arrived in 1968 with elaborate air defence systems already in place, but the base was already behind schedule。 When Tito visited a second time in 1970, the interior galleries were still not fully operational。 Further problems followed when exercises revealed how vulnerable the base was and crashes were not infrequent before 1973。 But the situation improved through that decade and into the 1980s。 In the early 1990s, however, Yugoslavia fell apart and the base found itself on the frontline of an increasingly bitter war, and the divisions in the country were mirrored among the pilots and support crews at the base。 In 1992, the UN arrived in the wake of the peace agreement and flying became restricted。 But the situation became untenable and the base was evacuated in May with much of it destroyed。 The only remaining functional part was the radar station as a Serb facility, but it too had to be evacuated and destroyed in 1995 while under attack from Croat and Muslim militias。This slim but information packed book is an excellent new addition to Helion’s Europe @ War series。 The authors examine every facet of life and work in the underground air base; they might be accused of providing too much detail at times。 Many photographs of the base, planes, and personnel accompany the text, and the colour plates of the MIG-21 aircraft are exceptional。 Anyone interested in Cold War air forces will enjoy this book, and even if you are not Tito’s Underground Air Base is a surprisingly good account of an operational military base during the Cold War。 。。。more