Work: A Deep History, from the Stone Age to the Age of Robots
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- Create Date：2021-07-11 09:55:08
- Update Date：2025-09-06
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- Author：James Suzman
- ISBN：0525561757
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Summary
This book is a tour de force。 -- Adam Grant， New York Times bestselling author of Give and Take
A revolutionary new history of humankind through the prism of work by leading anthropologist James Suzman
Work defines who we are。 It determines our status， and dictates how， where， and with whom we spend most of our time。 It mediates our self-worth and molds our values。 But are we hard-wired to work as hard as we do？ Did our Stone Age ancestors also live to work and work to live？ And what might a world where work plays a far less important role look like？
To answer these questions， James Suzman charts a grand history of work from the origins of life on Earth to our ever more automated present， challenging some of our deepest assumptions about who we are。 Drawing insights from anthropology， archaeology， evolutionary biology， zoology， physics， and economics， he shows that while we have evolved to find joy meaning and purpose in work， for most of human history our ancestors worked far less and thought very differently about work than we do now。 He demonstrates how our contemporary culture of work has its roots in the agricultural revolution ten thousand years ago。 Our sense of what it is to be human was transformed by the transition from foraging to food production， and， later， our migration to cities。 Since then， our relationships with one another and with our environments， and even our sense of the passage of time， have not been the same。
Arguing that we are in the midst of a similarly transformative point in history， Suzman shows how automation might revolutionize our relationship with work and in doing so usher in a more sustainable and equitable future for our world and ourselves。
A revolutionary new history of humankind through the prism of work by leading anthropologist James Suzman
Work defines who we are。 It determines our status， and dictates how， where， and with whom we spend most of our time。 It mediates our self-worth and molds our values。 But are we hard-wired to work as hard as we do？ Did our Stone Age ancestors also live to work and work to live？ And what might a world where work plays a far less important role look like？
To answer these questions， James Suzman charts a grand history of work from the origins of life on Earth to our ever more automated present， challenging some of our deepest assumptions about who we are。 Drawing insights from anthropology， archaeology， evolutionary biology， zoology， physics， and economics， he shows that while we have evolved to find joy meaning and purpose in work， for most of human history our ancestors worked far less and thought very differently about work than we do now。 He demonstrates how our contemporary culture of work has its roots in the agricultural revolution ten thousand years ago。 Our sense of what it is to be human was transformed by the transition from foraging to food production， and， later， our migration to cities。 Since then， our relationships with one another and with our environments， and even our sense of the passage of time， have not been the same。
Arguing that we are in the midst of a similarly transformative point in history， Suzman shows how automation might revolutionize our relationship with work and in doing so usher in a more sustainable and equitable future for our world and ourselves。
Reviews
Tony
，
Great book。 Shows that utilitarian ideals domination today’s society are misguided。 For me， it also sheds insight into what it means to be human。 Food and shelter are not our only primary needs。 We don’t exist to work and produce。 Survival and procreation are not our species’s guiding principles。
Rick
，
I feel like a bug on the windshield I feel like I read the wrong book。 I rate it a five because it’s well written and is a meaningful history of humanity。 However I’d have been content with the Cliff-notes of the first 14 chapters。 The final chapter is what I’m desperate to understand better。 Our national discourse is way off topic。 Our two incompetent political parties are clueless and our electorate is so confused that half of them support an incompetent immoral buffoon to lead us。 Biotech， AI I feel like a bug on the windshield I feel like I read the wrong book。 I rate it a five because it’s well written and is a meaningful history of humanity。 However I’d have been content with the Cliff-notes of the first 14 chapters。 The final chapter is what I’m desperate to understand better。 Our national discourse is way off topic。 Our two incompetent political parties are clueless and our electorate is so confused that half of them support an incompetent immoral buffoon to lead us。 Biotech， AI， and climate change loom large while our leaders wander in the wilderness。 。。。more
Holly Whitaker
，
Incredible butI simply wanted more of a thesis and more tying together the very very many threads he weaves。 Left me asking what was the point or what did he think。 Still a fascinating thorough read。
Dave
，
Says a lot of good things about simpler cultures， talks about the dark side of urbanization and explicitly condemns infinite growth。 Those things alone are enough to make this book way better than average。 It also has some of the most up to date information on anthropology， which seems to be totally revising itself every couple months as scientists keep making new discoveries that challenge everything they thought they already had figured out。 There were a few theories about human evolution that Says a lot of good things about simpler cultures， talks about the dark side of urbanization and explicitly condemns infinite growth。 Those things alone are enough to make this book way better than average。 It also has some of the most up to date information on anthropology， which seems to be totally revising itself every couple months as scientists keep making new discoveries that challenge everything they thought they already had figured out。 There were a few theories about human evolution that I thought I was satisfied with before reading this and that I'm now a little less confident in。 I'm honestly not totally convinced by all these ideas but I did find most of them intriguing at least。 A lot of people might actually be surprised by how much time he spends on subjects like these。 They're not completely off topic from the history of work but it did feel like a bit of a stretch at times to find ways of making it all feel connected。 Compared to all the in depth explanations of human evolution， the stuff about more modern occupations can feel kind of rushed and incomplete， almost as if he didn't really want to write about this subject but needed a gimmick to justify writing a new anthropology book。 I still think the result is pretty good though。 Most people who are more interested in the last few thousand years of human history might get a little impatient reading the first half of this but I don't think many of them will be too disappointed with the book in its entirety。This is one of those books that I could write a ton about when trying to just write a quick review。 He hits on a lot of subjects that I've been interested in for a long time。 When I read Yuval Harari's Sapiens I ended up writing a 3 or 4 page rant because he'd said so many things that I had trouble ignoring。 While reading this book I had at times wondered if Suzman had somehow stumbled onto my rant since he brought up so many similar criticisms of the things Harari said （even though Harari endorses this book）。 I kind of doubt that， obviously， but I'm just saying I agreed a lot more with this guy than Harari， and I'm pretty annoyed with how much more praise Harari has gotten by comparison。 Still， there are a few things about this one that bugged me a bit。 One thing he says that's actually pretty similar to Harari， and one of the things I had complained about with his book too， was that hunter gatherers were short-term thinkers and farmers long-term thinkers。 I think he called it "immediate returns" and "delayed returns" or something。 I'm really not a fan of looking at it that way。 There are a ton of examples of hunter gatherers putting in work that they won't expect to benefit from for years， or even benefit from themselves。 The first example I can think of off the top of my head is an Amazonian hunter gatherer planting an easy to climb tree species next to a spiky-trunked fruit tree so that it could be used like a ladder 10 or 15 years later。 When you study anthropology you find a lot of stuff like that。 And farmers tended to always prioritize the next harvest over the next generation， destroying their soil and letting their kids pay the consequences。 It just doesn't seem like accurate labels to me。 I also don't like the idea that when energy is available somewhere， the people living there will inevitably use it。 A lot of cultures did decide intentionally to limit themselves， even refusing to change when imperial cultures tried to force them。 You can say that since those imperial cultures will steal their land that it seems inevitable for that energy to get used but that is a significantly different argument。 One blames human nature， the other blames specific cultures。At the end， when he gets to modern automation， I at least partially agree with his ideas， even though I'm more in favor of people simplifying than in becoming even more utterly dependent on technology。 It seems to me that if the 4th industrial revolution is accomplished it probably won't be as permanent as people would like to believe。 That's a level of technological dependency that I don't expect to ever be truly sustainable。 Even if you tried to reduce the scale of production， there's a certain level that it would have to stay above in order for these gadgets to remain affordable， a level that likely is still higher than what our planet can tolerate。 However， considering where we are right now， in the near-term it just makes sense to use the technologies we already have to help free people from unnecessary labor。 I think it could actually help aid a transition to simpler lifestyles if we planned it that way。 People are more likely to stop defending destructive industries when their paychecks don't depend on them。 They're more likely to learn about alternate lifestyles when they have more leisure time to read books and watch documentaries。 More people can live on the land when they're not needed in factories。 There aren't too many subjects more important for people to think about these days。 I feel like this book does do a good job challenging the myths of our culture and could really impact the way people see the world。 It's probably the only book I've read in the last 6 months that I'd genuinely recommend to people。 。。。more
Chelsea Shurmantine
，
This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it， click here。 The end was rushed， it seems， since it was published during the pandemic。 I would have loved him to express more information on the idea of essential services as well as nonessential services。 The aspect of economic growth needing to halt was fascinating and wish that was also discussed more。 Maybe quoting Greta Thurnberg
Zarc Dev
，
My takeaway of the core message is that it is not an innate characteristic of humans that we need to work 50 hours a week to have a sense of purpose and identity （that phenomena is more a product of our culture）。 This can be a helpful message。 Also， work takes many forms。 I found the book a little negative on religion where it was really not necessary otherwise may have went with 4 stars。
Nikki Favalaro
，
4。5
Atila Iamarino
，
Um daqueles livros que mudam sua maneira de ver o mundo。James Suzman é antropólogo e estudou os Khoisan do sul da África， um povo que ainda segue o estilo caçador coletor。 E que tem uma relação completamente diferente com a natureza e com a dinâmica de trabalho。O livro começa com uma explicação sobre o conceito de trabalho como troca de energia e uma perspectiva bem biológica sobre uso do tempo e energia até entre aves que é bastante diferente do resto da obra – se você não curtir essa parte， va Um daqueles livros que mudam sua maneira de ver o mundo。James Suzman é antropólogo e estudou os Khoisan do sul da África， um povo que ainda segue o estilo caçador coletor。 E que tem uma relação completamente diferente com a natureza e com a dinâmica de trabalho。O livro começa com uma explicação sobre o conceito de trabalho como troca de energia e uma perspectiva bem biológica sobre uso do tempo e energia até entre aves que é bastante diferente do resto da obra – se você não curtir essa parte， vale continuar pelo que vem em seguida。 E depois entra na dinâmica diferente que nossos antepassados caçadores e coletores tinham com a natureza。O maior argumento é o de que para caçadores e coletores， a noção de futuro e de retorno do trabalho feito é bem diferente。 Porque não dá para acumular posses， o que se come estraga em pouco tempo e a vida migratória não permite acumular objetos。 Então se depende muito mais de uma rede de relação entre as pessoas e o que cada um consegue é muito mais distribuído。 O conceito de posse é bem diferente。Mas tudo isso muda quando começamos a cultivar comida。 Aí a noção de posse é essencial para saber quem é o dono de uma terra e do que ela produz。 E a noção de trabalho e de futuro se torna muito mais importante， porque você precisa acumular trabalho em uma terra para ela render。 E quanto mais terras tiver， mais ela pode gerar riquezas。 Também é onde surge o conceito de lucro， de que X cabeças de gado vão virar 2X em tantos anos。 É dessa dinâmica que surge a escrita， que começa como o registro de posses， o dinheiro， com troca dessas posses， além de muitas noções financeiras como o empréstimo e juros。Suzman ainda continua passando pelo conceito de trabalho com a revolução industrial até os dias de hoje e o conceito de trabalho com robôs assumindo muito do que fazemos。 Ele dá boas perspectivas e um ponto de vista bastante diferente da maioria que escreve sobre tecnologia。 Mas mesmo se o livro parasse antes da revolução industrial já seria uma obra que vale muito ler。 Recomendadíssimo， do começo ao fim。 。。。more
An Bui
，
Big anthropological sweep of our relationship with work。 Well-written if not a little too concise， especially the chapters covering the 20th century and the future。 A sequel is required！
Jeroen
，
Het boek las prettig， ik heb veel nieuwe dingen geleerd。 Ook heeft het mij wat meer gemotiveerd voor de studie hrm die ik nu volg aangezien de wereld van werk complexer en interessanter is dan ik in de eerste instantie dacht。Het boek slaat echter wel een interessante periode van de mensheid over。 Suzman start met de jagers en verzamelaars om vervolgens verder te gaan op de industriële revolutie en het heden en toekomst。 Ik miste periodes hier tussen， zoals de middeleeuwen en de Renaissance。 Het Het boek las prettig， ik heb veel nieuwe dingen geleerd。 Ook heeft het mij wat meer gemotiveerd voor de studie hrm die ik nu volg aangezien de wereld van werk complexer en interessanter is dan ik in de eerste instantie dacht。Het boek slaat echter wel een interessante periode van de mensheid over。 Suzman start met de jagers en verzamelaars om vervolgens verder te gaan op de industriële revolutie en het heden en toekomst。 Ik miste periodes hier tussen， zoals de middeleeuwen en de Renaissance。 Het boek bestond hierdoor ook meer uit twee losse delen， ik hoopte dat hij wat meer verbanden legde tussen het begin van de "werkende mens" en nu。Al met al een goed boek， zou hem zeker aanraden voor iedereen die interesse heeft in geschiedenis， werk， economie en antropologie。 。。。more
Matthew Smith
，
Awesome book， super random find in the bookstore too。 For anyone who's ever been to Epcot， the description basically sounded like a book version of Spaceship Earth so naturally， I bought it。 It's literally that to be honest。 It takes you from the very first humans all the way up to current day， explaining how our species adapted from Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers。 It does get much deeper into how this has affected us throughout history， and provides a lot of science behind all of their findin Awesome book， super random find in the bookstore too。 For anyone who's ever been to Epcot， the description basically sounded like a book version of Spaceship Earth so naturally， I bought it。 It's literally that to be honest。 It takes you from the very first humans all the way up to current day， explaining how our species adapted from Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers。 It does get much deeper into how this has affected us throughout history， and provides a lot of science behind all of their findings。It was much more scientific in the beginning than I was expecting， but it gets easier to understand as you move through it。 The beginning of the book starts off with a lot of history about humans and how long we've been on the planet。 Suzman does use a lot of scientific terms that I did have to google some to figure out hahaha。 It's not a fast paced book， but it's enjoyable enough where you get through the parts that drag pretty easily。 I'd recommend this but to what demographic I'm not too sure to be honest。 I really loved it but I could see where people would find this insanely boring and difficult to get through as well。 It's a 50/50 shot I think。 。。。more
Nilesh
，
Work is too unfocused。Many books have extensive scopes， but good books of this genre either have some original viewpoints or engaging styles while staying focussed on macro arguments。 They do not bog down on needless details and attempt to discuss over-arching trends that spawn millions of years or billions of people。 On the other hand， Work aims to cover vast stretches of human history through short essay-length chapters on what appears like randomly selected topics。 The author has to try hard Work is too unfocused。Many books have extensive scopes， but good books of this genre either have some original viewpoints or engaging styles while staying focussed on macro arguments。 They do not bog down on needless details and attempt to discuss over-arching trends that spawn millions of years or billions of people。 On the other hand， Work aims to cover vast stretches of human history through short essay-length chapters on what appears like randomly selected topics。 The author has to try hard to somehow link everything to the word he uses in the title， but he could have equally covered "work" at the Big Bang explosion， "work" done for the Great Wall， or "work" done by soldiers in wars or the painters or the housewives as topics。 The point is the thread connecting the chapters is thin and with enormous gaps in between。It does not help that almost every chapter is based on commonly available， well-discussed material on those subject matters。 Chapters are too brief to throw light on nuances （dearly needed in highly biased， subjective later chapters） and too quick to make any lasting impact。 。。。more
Lisa
，
In all honesty， it took me awhile to get through this book but it was worth it。 I don’t believe I’ve read a book by an anthropologist before so this was a different type of read than what I’m used to。 During the first half of the book， the author goes in-depth on the origins of the concept of work through organisms， human evolution and hunter gather tribes。 The information was interesting but the author seemed to roam a bit with his writing and some of it was pretty dry。The book continues on thr In all honesty， it took me awhile to get through this book but it was worth it。 I don’t believe I’ve read a book by an anthropologist before so this was a different type of read than what I’m used to。 During the first half of the book， the author goes in-depth on the origins of the concept of work through organisms， human evolution and hunter gather tribes。 The information was interesting but the author seemed to roam a bit with his writing and some of it was pretty dry。The book continues on through the development of agricultural and industrial societies and how the reasons for and the experience of work continued to change。 I gained the most from the book during the last hundred or so pages where the author relates the evolution of the concept of work to work in its modern day form。 Work has become a pillar of individual identifies and the goal of work has shifted from meeting basic needs to the pursuit of accumulating more。 The author laid out some really interesting observations and ideas that were new to me and made me think more deeply about my relationship with and motivation to work。 。。。more
Jo
，
Not as interesting as I’d hoped。 There were bits and pieces but overall not great。
Doireann O'B
，
Interesting and thought provoking， especially the parts on certain hunter gatherers and how they don't vie for status but share among themselves and the parts about why we still need to work so much while other cultures in the past had much more time for leisure。 This book could definitely have done with extensive editing though， especially the parts at the beginning about the animal kingdom， which while sometimes interesting were not really relevant。 Also I think the ending could have maybe bee Interesting and thought provoking， especially the parts on certain hunter gatherers and how they don't vie for status but share among themselves and the parts about why we still need to work so much while other cultures in the past had much more time for leisure。 This book could definitely have done with extensive editing though， especially the parts at the beginning about the animal kingdom， which while sometimes interesting were not really relevant。 Also I think the ending could have maybe been more impactful 。。。more
Alex Watson
，
Super interesting - takes the very very long view of why we work。 Imagine the wheat bit of Sapiens done as a whole book - no bad thing given that inverting the move to agriculture as a downward spiral was that book’s best bit of thinking。 Opened my eyes to the power of entropy and to engaging with the very deep currents underneath the patterns of human activity we call work。
Adam Balch
，
Fantastic book A really enjoyable and fascinating read。 It never felt judgmental but simply offered a history to mankind’s relationship with work。 It kept me enthralled all the way through and look forward to rereading it in the not too distant future。
Vinod Narayan
，
https://youtu。be/d1HqANVg-gI https://youtu。be/d1HqANVg-gI 。。。more
Suhail Khan
，
A work of anthropology on how humans have spent their time and then inflection points that made us do what we do now。 Suzman has put together an interesting study taking principles from history， economics and geology。 A good social anthropological work。 Should be augmented with David Graeber's bullshit jobs A work of anthropology on how humans have spent their time and then inflection points that made us do what we do now。 Suzman has put together an interesting study taking principles from history， economics and geology。 A good social anthropological work。 Should be augmented with David Graeber's bullshit jobs 。。。more
Soumya Tejam
，
Work: A History of How we spend our Time is an anthropology of the history of work from the stone ages all the way into now。 James Suzman is brilliant at showing off an incredible timeline of work that pushes and therefore questions our conception of work。 For me， the most intellectually gratifying elements of the book were the parts that covered our early history， and particularly the monumental shift to agriculture which took place around 10，500 years ago at the dawn of the Neolithic era。 Suzm Work: A History of How we spend our Time is an anthropology of the history of work from the stone ages all the way into now。 James Suzman is brilliant at showing off an incredible timeline of work that pushes and therefore questions our conception of work。 For me， the most intellectually gratifying elements of the book were the parts that covered our early history， and particularly the monumental shift to agriculture which took place around 10，500 years ago at the dawn of the Neolithic era。 Suzman convincingly describes this as the most revolutionary change in human history。 It was fascinating to read the enduring mystery of important sites like Gobekli Tepe in Anatolia。 Definitely recommend to history buffs。 。。。more
uosɯɐS
，
I enjoyed it， I recommend it！
Jairo Gomez
，
“Work” is an exploration of the relationship between humans and scarcity as we battle the adversities of “the economic problem”。 Its author gives us a fresh take on our history through the unique lense of labor and its transformation throughout our evolutionary tracks。Suzman begins the journey with the earliest steps towards labor efficiency from the domestication of fire to toolmaking， and its effects on leisure and idleness which contributed to our ancestor’s cognitive and cultural development “Work” is an exploration of the relationship between humans and scarcity as we battle the adversities of “the economic problem”。 Its author gives us a fresh take on our history through the unique lense of labor and its transformation throughout our evolutionary tracks。Suzman begins the journey with the earliest steps towards labor efficiency from the domestication of fire to toolmaking， and its effects on leisure and idleness which contributed to our ancestor’s cognitive and cultural development。 We learned how a series of climatic factors （among others） likely drove them towards the practice of accumulating surpluses， as they ventured into the age of agriculture （thought to be pioneered by the Natufians around fifteen thousand years ago。 Fun fact: surprisingly Natufians didn’t just harvest grains for food consumption but also fermented grains for beer making）。The agricultural period transformed foragers into a laborious and productive society and served as a preamble to an industrial age that fostered human ingenuity， and the recent transformational changes driven by technological innovation。 Suzman seems to pivots on the idea that humans have embraced productivity but not its benefits， allowing our own social constructs to dictate our needs while demanding our time and energy in return。 There lies the contradiction between the affluence without abundance experienced by hunter gatherer societies such as the Ju/'hoansi， and a contemporary society that sees both productivity and arduous labor on the rise。 Something which is likely explained by the demographics of the labor force， economic and social opportunities， inflation， a broadening pay-gap， and all other economic drivers that make the cost of living unmanageable for a large portion of our society， and that ultimately coalesce into a distorted definition of affluence。In spite of its dense material and a few passages that walk a fine line between thoroughness and digression， Suzman’s eloquence， crisp arguments， and stylish delivery makes this an engaging read。A book that will certainly keep you entertained from cover to cover！ 。。。more
Sharon Mccarthy
，
This book is just like the title says， Work。 It's a real slog that has a tantalizing sentence once a chapter。 I received this book because I joined the Next Big Idea Club， and it's a disappointment。 This book is just like the title says， Work。 It's a real slog that has a tantalizing sentence once a chapter。 I received this book because I joined the Next Big Idea Club， and it's a disappointment。 。。。more
Samuel Leopold
，
The book just did not seem to stick to a structure and just roamed through the research in neither an interesting nor educational way。 After completing 1/3 of the book， I abandoned it。
Adam
，
What my 👂 heard ⤵️making friends is a joywork creates a communion of purposeex·og·e·nous/ˌekˈsäjənəs/Learn to pronounceSee definitions in:AllBiologyPsychologyMedicineAnthropologySociologyadjectiverelating to or developing from external factors。"technological changes exogenous to the oil industry"airport term orientation without a lot of investment into the future investors often don't see what's right in front of themno businesses can survive with zero revenueI created bridge of liquidity to hel What my 👂 heard ⤵️making friends is a joywork creates a communion of purposeex·og·e·nous/ˌekˈsäjənəs/Learn to pronounceSee definitions in:AllBiologyPsychologyMedicineAnthropologySociologyadjectiverelating to or developing from external factors。"technological changes exogenous to the oil industry"airport term orientation without a lot of investment into the future investors often don't see what's right in front of themno businesses can survive with zero revenueI created bridge of liquidity to help people get to the other sideI'm not building it myself but I am active in the spacesan·guine/ˈsaNGɡwən/Learn to pronounceSee definitions in:AllHeraldryArtadjective1。optimistic or positive， especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation。"he is sanguine about prospects for the global economy"hunt collaborativelygargantuan numberprudent I have a particular genius for presenting complex ideas in the form of neat parablestrade is nothing else but the exchange of labor for laborthe value of all things is most justly explained by labor there is little obvious correspondence today between time worked and monetary reward in the world's largest economies beyond and now almost quaint convention that the very highest earners tend to take their income annually in the form of dividends and bonuses。 medium and high earners take theirs monthly and lower earners tend to be paid hourly。 cattle and livestock were worth more alive than dead as long as they could drag a plow because of their ability to be used for transport they were the first machinescapital is derived from the meaning head which is head of livestocksaving money on advertising is like turning your clock back to save timethe richest one percent control 45% of all assets 。。。more
Alex Murray
，
BANGGGGER of a book。 The new Holy Trinity - Bullshit Jobs， Utopia for Realists and Work。The need to keep up with the Joneses/the malady of infinite aspiration （among other things） is a great answer to why Keynes got it so wrong when he said we'd be working 15 hour work weeks in the 21st century。We look back at civilisations that sacrificed people ensure the sun rises， burned people for being witches and chalk that up as insane religious beliefs from the past。 I reckon people in 200 years will ho BANGGGGER of a book。 The new Holy Trinity - Bullshit Jobs， Utopia for Realists and Work。The need to keep up with the Joneses/the malady of infinite aspiration （among other things） is a great answer to why Keynes got it so wrong when he said we'd be working 15 hour work weeks in the 21st century。We look back at civilisations that sacrificed people ensure the sun rises， burned people for being witches and chalk that up as insane religious beliefs from the past。 I reckon people in 200 years will hold similar thoughts about our worship of economics， how we are bleaching TF outta' coral reefs and work most of our adult lives to ensure economic growth stays at 3-4%。 。。。more
Corel Van Den Brink
，
Het boek wil een overzicht geven van de geschiedenis van werk en hoe dat heeft geleid tot de huidige maatstaven waarnaar werk wordt bekeken en beoordeeld。 Dit doet het in een wat mij betreft te ongrijpbare structuur。 Het betoog lijkt van hot naar her te gaan en alleen de interesse van de auteur te volgen， die veel op heeft met foeragerende culturen （wat op zich heel interessant is overigens）。 Het ontbeert een duidelijke verhaallijn， hoewel de uiteindelijke conclusies wel helder zijn en steunt op Het boek wil een overzicht geven van de geschiedenis van werk en hoe dat heeft geleid tot de huidige maatstaven waarnaar werk wordt bekeken en beoordeeld。 Dit doet het in een wat mij betreft te ongrijpbare structuur。 Het betoog lijkt van hot naar her te gaan en alleen de interesse van de auteur te volgen， die veel op heeft met foeragerende culturen （wat op zich heel interessant is overigens）。 Het ontbeert een duidelijke verhaallijn， hoewel de uiteindelijke conclusies wel helder zijn en steunt op de inzichten uit het voorafgaande。 Desalniettemin is het een interessant verhaal dat verschillende intrigerende verbanden trekt waar we zeker wat aan hebben om onze huidige maatschappij te verklaren en zijn de gemaakte suggesties duidelijk。 Het boek is het dan ook meer dan waard om te lezen， al zul je soms door het gebrek aan structurering heen moeten kijken。 。。。more
Dave Nitkiewicz
，
Extremely hard to get through and most of the findings I had already read about in other books。
Chananja
，
4，5 sterrenik kwam er een beetje moeilijk in: een heel verhaal over energie en moleculen en sterren en waar gaat dit heen ik dacht dat dit over werk ging！！！！ maar de laatste 300 pagina's heb ik echt supersnel uitgelezen en vond ik heel sterk。 de schrijfstijl was heel aangenaam en nam me mee in iets wat ook heel makkelijk droge stof had kunnen worden， de verhalen over verschillende tijden en culturen waren super interessant en de eigentijdse inhoud gaf me nog meer redenen om de 40+-urige werkweek 4，5 sterrenik kwam er een beetje moeilijk in: een heel verhaal over energie en moleculen en sterren en waar gaat dit heen ik dacht dat dit over werk ging！！！！ maar de laatste 300 pagina's heb ik echt supersnel uitgelezen en vond ik heel sterk。 de schrijfstijl was heel aangenaam en nam me mee in iets wat ook heel makkelijk droge stof had kunnen worden， de verhalen over verschillende tijden en culturen waren super interessant en de eigentijdse inhoud gaf me nog meer redenen om de 40+-urige werkweek & kapitalismne te haten dus <3 。。。more
Dave Courtney
，