Exercised: Why Something We Never Evolved to Do Is Healthy and Rewarding

Exercised: Why Something We Never Evolved to Do Is Healthy and Rewarding

  • Downloads:4288
  • Type:Epub+TxT+PDF+Mobi
  • Create Date:2022-01-02 03:20:31
  • Update Date:2025-09-06
  • Status:finish
  • Author:Daniel E. Lieberman
  • ISBN:052543478X
  • Environment:PC/Android/iPhone/iPad/Kindle

Summary

If exercise is healthy (so good for you!), why do many people dislike or avoid it? These engaging stories and explanations will revolutionize the way you think about exercising--not to mention sitting, sleeping, sprinting, weight lifting, playing, fighting, walking, jogging, and even dancing。

"Strikes a perfect balance of scholarship, wit, and enthusiasm。" --Bill Bryson, New York Times best-selling author of The Body

- If we are born to walk and run, why do most of us take it easy whenever possible?
- Does running ruin your knees?
- Should we do weights, cardio, or high-intensity training?
- Is sitting really the new smoking?
- Can you lose weight by walking?
- And how do we make sense of the conflicting, anxiety-inducing information about rest, physical activity, and exercise with which we are bombarded?

In this myth-busting book, Daniel Lieberman, professor of human evolutionary biology at Harvard University and a pioneering researcher on the evolution of human physical activity, tells the story of how we never evolved to exercise--to do voluntary physical activity for the sake of health。 Using his own research and experiences throughout the world, Lieberman recounts without jargon how and why humans evolved to walk, run, dig, and do other necessary and rewarding physical activities while avoiding needless exertion。

Exercised is entertaining and enlightening but also constructive。 As our increasingly sedentary lifestyles have contributed to skyrocketing rates of obesity and diseases such as diabetes, Lieberman audaciously argues that to become more active we need to do more than medicalize and commodify exercise。

Drawing on insights from evolutionary biology and anthropology, Lieberman suggests how we can make exercise more enjoyable, rather than shaming and blaming people for avoiding it。 He also tackles the question of whether you can exercise too much, even as he explains why exercise can reduce our vulnerability to the diseases mostly likely to make us sick and kill us。

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Reviews

Suzanne

This is the book I've read about exercise that I've liked the most。 I guess because it doesn't feel like propaganda or "follow this program and you'll be amazing"。 It is, instead, a study of the effects of diet and exercise from a historical view。 I was surprised to learn, for example, that hunter-gatherers didn't spend every waking hour walking。 And the book just made a lot of sense。I thought the style was engaging and not dry, which I appreciated。 And I feel more motivated to move for the righ This is the book I've read about exercise that I've liked the most。 I guess because it doesn't feel like propaganda or "follow this program and you'll be amazing"。 It is, instead, a study of the effects of diet and exercise from a historical view。 I was surprised to learn, for example, that hunter-gatherers didn't spend every waking hour walking。 And the book just made a lot of sense。I thought the style was engaging and not dry, which I appreciated。 And I feel more motivated to move for the right reasons。 。。。more

Liz

Audiobook

Anna Mari

The idea was interesting, but the truth is the narrative did not capture my attention or interest。

Remus

An impressive deep dive into the health benefits and lack of motivation behind physical activity。 I simply was amazed by the book。 It destroys the classic approach to exercising, and by classic I mean bullying people who don't until some do and forget the others。 This book presents the exact reasoning behind the reality that people, while knowing (only) some of the benefits of physical activity, on an average, do not do so regularly。 It is not a book written with the intention of convincing the An impressive deep dive into the health benefits and lack of motivation behind physical activity。 I simply was amazed by the book。 It destroys the classic approach to exercising, and by classic I mean bullying people who don't until some do and forget the others。 This book presents the exact reasoning behind the reality that people, while knowing (only) some of the benefits of physical activity, on an average, do not do so regularly。 It is not a book written with the intention of convincing the reader to exercise but you can be sure that it will make most readers intent to do so if they are not already。On a funny note I can confirm that after about one third of the book i started to read it while walking and making circles in my room and trying to hold the kindle at my eye level。If you have a mild interest into exercise, probably even a simple curiosity or like those documentaries about anthropology and human motion/evolution, you will have a blast with this book, that's all I can say without hitting some spoilers。 。。。more

Meg

Highly recommended。 Especially if you enjoy exercise while simultaneously struggling with your relationship with it。

Erin

This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it, click here。 Daniel Lieberman has written a well researched and mostly entertaining book on exercise。 It has some great anecdotes and sense of humour that help to make it an interesting read。 Unfortunately, this book did not prove to be as inspiring as I hope it would。 Although I found the book good at synthesizing many things I have learned into a balanced and evidence-based argument for everyone to exercise regularly, I find it perplexing that although his approach is grounded in evolutionary biology, he d Daniel Lieberman has written a well researched and mostly entertaining book on exercise。 It has some great anecdotes and sense of humour that help to make it an interesting read。 Unfortunately, this book did not prove to be as inspiring as I hope it would。 Although I found the book good at synthesizing many things I have learned into a balanced and evidence-based argument for everyone to exercise regularly, I find it perplexing that although his approach is grounded in evolutionary biology, he does not advocate for more “natural” or paleolithic lifestyles as a solution。 He constantly references hunter gatherers as the lifestyle for which humans evolved and yet he seems completely resigned to the fact that modern life has created a sedentary lifestyle and we will just have to fit exercise in around our sendentarism。 His conclusions at the end are the same as the governmental physical activity guidelines (Just do at least 150 min of moderate exercise plus some weights and maybe a little HIIT)。 His suggestions for how to make exercise more appealing are equally pedestrian。 He echoes mainstream popular advice when he says exercise with a friend, set easy goals, and use incentives。 So I also recently read several books by Katy Bowman (most notably Movement Matters and Grow Wild)Bowman advocates combining exercise not only with social but also productive activities such as gardening or foraging。 Admittedly the college professor Lieberman’s livelihood is tied up with sedentary lifestyle as colleges require sitting in classes and sitting for exams。 So perhaps he is less motivated to change society and has more to lose if he offends or says the wrong thing。 However, I doubt if anyone who doesn’t already exercise will start now as a result of reading this book。 Conversely, if more people stacked their lives as Bowman suggests, we will be more inclined to stick with new habits because they reward us on many levels and potentially save us time。 Bowman agrees that exercise is unnatural and therefore advocates for natural movement instead。 So with her approach every added reach and squat, every vegetable chopped and egg whipped by hand count in the daily movement score。 After reading her books I found myself feeling proud for sitting on the floor or squatting to get a dish from a low cupboard。 After reading Lieberman’s book, I am back the to ineffective habit of trying to schedule in 150 min of exercise plus 2 weight training sessions a regular work week。 I know it’s possible but it seems much more daunting than working exercise into other activities such as walking to get groceries and carrying them home。 Sorry Lieberman your book was enjoyable to read but just not very inspiring。 。。。more

Jesse

Lots to learn from here, and put exercise and health in perspective。 History, biomechanics, studies, and a lot of great stories of cultures and people and what exercise does for them, good and bad。 This should be a textbook for the health profession。

Luke Del Vecchio

A must read for health and fitness professionals; the evolutionary insights behind many conventional physical activity guidelines provide important context to these recommendations。 But perhaps most importantly, sensible advise on why some many individuals struggle with exercise adherence。

Hari

Quite enjoy this book, especially the part related to human physiology and long run。

Gayathri

Exercised is the best book of the year for me (which took an embarrassingly long time for me to complete)!The author does a brilliant job of explaining the whats, hows, and whys of the science behind exercising and its effects on our bodies。 The fundamental premise of this book is how we never evolved to exercise, but the ubiquitous sedentary lifestyle of the present world requires us to exercise, and throughout the book, we learn why it is so from various perspectives。 He starts the book with t Exercised is the best book of the year for me (which took an embarrassingly long time for me to complete)!The author does a brilliant job of explaining the whats, hows, and whys of the science behind exercising and its effects on our bodies。 The fundamental premise of this book is how we never evolved to exercise, but the ubiquitous sedentary lifestyle of the present world requires us to exercise, and throughout the book, we learn why it is so from various perspectives。 He starts the book with the viewpoint that almost all the studies on humans use Western populations for their analysis, and they do not adequately represent the rest of the world。 As someone from a non-Western country, this viewpoint resonated with me。 He includes scientific anecdotes and findings from studies conducted on people from other parts of the world to make up for this insufficiency and makes it as relatable as possible。 He also explores exercise from an evolutionary perspective, which, in itself, is fascinating to me。 Although there were a couple of places that I felt were quite dry or a little too technical for me, his writing, for the most part, is engaging, accessible, and informative。 I learnt something new and fascinating every time I picked up the book to continue reading。 For these reasons alone, the book is one of the best non-fiction books I've ever read。 。。。more

Ardys

Good reminder about why we humans should keep our bodies moving and active。

Akash Sharma

I listened to the audio book version of this, and it was pretty easy to listen to。It doesn't scare you into realizing why physical activity is important, but rather takes a more anthropological route into deconstructing the myths and common knowledge that we have about the human body; and the effect exercise has on it。 It's rather calming in a way, while also raising awareness at the same time。I definitely recommend reading (or listening) to this book。 It's pretty easy to listen to this while do I listened to the audio book version of this, and it was pretty easy to listen to。It doesn't scare you into realizing why physical activity is important, but rather takes a more anthropological route into deconstructing the myths and common knowledge that we have about the human body; and the effect exercise has on it。 It's rather calming in a way, while also raising awareness at the same time。I definitely recommend reading (or listening) to this book。 It's pretty easy to listen to this while doing chores as you don't really feel like there's any "new" information in this book, but it's more of a reaffirmation of what you pretty much already know but seem to forget in your daily routine。 。。。more

Sara

Funny, deeply informative, and surprising, I learned so much from this book。 It's given me science-based permission to be compassionate towards myself and others when it comes to hating exercise, as well as some tactics that make moving less hateful。 I was very pleased to watch Lieberman bust many pernicious myths about exercise, health, and modern versus "primitive" humans。 Funny, deeply informative, and surprising, I learned so much from this book。 It's given me science-based permission to be compassionate towards myself and others when it comes to hating exercise, as well as some tactics that make moving less hateful。 I was very pleased to watch Lieberman bust many pernicious myths about exercise, health, and modern versus "primitive" humans。 。。。more

Woo Pei Xun

“Exercise” is a well written book that delightfully combines a few of my favourite topics - running (or physical activity in general), human physiology, biological chemistry, evolutionary anthropology。 Lieberman adds his own personal touch by sharing personal anecdotes with wit and humour, while reinforcing his points with references to research papers。 He first explains “how” exercise is good for us, amongst many ways by:1。 Reducing obesity (which causes chronic inflammation)2。 Triggering an in “Exercise” is a well written book that delightfully combines a few of my favourite topics - running (or physical activity in general), human physiology, biological chemistry, evolutionary anthropology。 Lieberman adds his own personal touch by sharing personal anecdotes with wit and humour, while reinforcing his points with references to research papers。 He first explains “how” exercise is good for us, amongst many ways by:1。 Reducing obesity (which causes chronic inflammation)2。 Triggering an initial inflammatory response to the external stress followed by an even larger anti-inflammatory, including producing more antioxidants than necessary (resulting in less oxidative stress) and activating additional processes to clean damaged out damaged proteins, lengthen telomeres, repair DNA mutations, replace and add mitochondria, and more3。 Making us feel good through producing chemicals in the brain including dopamine, serotonin, endorphins and even endocannabinoidsThen, Lieberman attempts to find out “why” physical activity is good for us from an evolutionary standpoint, including possible reasons to explain why humans evolved to be unmotivated towards exercising, despite its benefits。 Like most organisms, reproductive success is a top evolutionary priority for humans。 Limited energy is squandered when it goes into pursuing other unnecessary activities。 Therefore, humans have been calibrated to find optional exercise unpleasant and emotionally unrewarding。Yet, many of the genes that maintain our bodies depend on the stresses caused by being active。 In our Hunter-gatherer times this was a given in our daily lives, as humans hunted daily with limited calories (similarly, this is why we have been programmed to store fat as reserves whenever we have the rare luxury of consuming excess calories)。 However, the past default state of daily physical activity and constant food insecurity no longer exists today, therefore giving rise to modern day evolutionary mismatches, as our brain still respond to environmental stimulus as if we were in the savannah, failing to keep up with the rapid progress of society。 。。。more

atom_box Evan G

Very footnoted and authoritative review of the current research in exercise physiology。 All wrapped in great stories of barefoot hunter gatherers。Spoiler alert。 The prescription near the end of the book is: do a mix of moderate exercise (walking), weight bearing, and HIIT。Muscle strengthening exercises should be 2x a week to allow recovery between, They Should be 8 to 12 reps with the weight very high, so high that after 8 you really want to stop。 Do 2x or 3x sets of the reps。Moderate exercise i Very footnoted and authoritative review of the current research in exercise physiology。 All wrapped in great stories of barefoot hunter gatherers。Spoiler alert。 The prescription near the end of the book is: do a mix of moderate exercise (walking), weight bearing, and HIIT。Muscle strengthening exercises should be 2x a week to allow recovery between, They Should be 8 to 12 reps with the weight very high, so high that after 8 you really want to stop。 Do 2x or 3x sets of the reps。Moderate exercise is walking, biking, or dancing。HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training, a la The Flying Finn) should be 6x 30 sec of puke inducing 80% max heart rate, with short rests between。 Stair running works, so do "mountain climbers" if you are in a hotel room。 Do this 3x a week。And it's okay to not have a standing desk。 So long as you squirm and fidget and leave the room every hour。 。。。more

Hillary

Meh。 I picked up the audiobook because I heard an interview with the author on NPR。 Turns out enjoying a 1 hour interview does not translate to enjoying a 13 hour audiobook。 What I learned was that I'm actually not that interested in the evolutionary anthropology lens & I think it's boring to interpret human development through the lens of something as mundane as survival。 And, no matter how many times he says "exercise is not a panacea" it's hard to believe when it's the sole subject of his lec Meh。 I picked up the audiobook because I heard an interview with the author on NPR。 Turns out enjoying a 1 hour interview does not translate to enjoying a 13 hour audiobook。 What I learned was that I'm actually not that interested in the evolutionary anthropology lens & I think it's boring to interpret human development through the lens of something as mundane as survival。 And, no matter how many times he says "exercise is not a panacea" it's hard to believe when it's the sole subject of his lecture。 I would probably give the abridged version a higher review。 But again, that says more about my interests than the author's writing。 。。。more

Bajram

In recent years, I am becoming more and more convinced that the further away we are in today's modern everyday life from the way we have evolved evolutionarily over millennia, the greater the associated physical and psychological problems and suffering。 While we are living longer than ever before, we have an epidemic of civilizational chronic diseases and a greatly diminished quality of life as we age。 The book makes a strong case for exercises。 Exercises are behaviors that cost energy and it is In recent years, I am becoming more and more convinced that the further away we are in today's modern everyday life from the way we have evolved evolutionarily over millennia, the greater the associated physical and psychological problems and suffering。 While we are living longer than ever before, we have an epidemic of civilizational chronic diseases and a greatly diminished quality of life as we age。 The book makes a strong case for exercises。 Exercises are behaviors that cost energy and it is natural that we want to avoid them。 Evolutionarily, we have been forced to exercise in different ways and against resistance in order to survive。 Today, to increase the likelihood of being physically and mentally healthy in everyday life, we need to simulate the hunter-gatherer lifestyle of the past through exercise。Liebermann details countless studies in a very sophisticated way and spices them up with some entertaining personal anecdotes。 Good book。 。。。more

Mouuuse

Як завжди, подібні нон-фікшн книги орієнтовані на американського читача。 Дослідження активності, здоров‘я та інших показників робились за участі американців。 Проте, дещо можна співвіднести і з нашим суспільством。Як на мене, книгу можна було б скоротити рівно на половину。 Першу частину читати нудно, безкінечно одне і теж повторення про «збирачів-мисливців»(і в наступній частинні автор їх згадує, але, на щастя, не в такій кількості), багато нецікавого про еволюцію людини та наших предків。Для себе Як завжди, подібні нон-фікшн книги орієнтовані на американського читача。 Дослідження активності, здоров‘я та інших показників робились за участі американців。 Проте, дещо можна співвіднести і з нашим суспільством。Як на мене, книгу можна було б скоротити рівно на половину。 Першу частину читати нудно, безкінечно одне і теж повторення про «збирачів-мисливців»(і в наступній частинні автор їх згадує, але, на щастя, не в такій кількості), багато нецікавого про еволюцію людини та наших предків。Для себе особливо цікавими виділила окремі розділи, впевнена, що кожен між рядками знайде щось «про себе» та «для себе»。В основному, на один раз годиться, але оформлення книги мені сподобалось куди більше, ніж її наповнення。 。。。more

Ravinder B Reddy

This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it, click here。 A reasonable book, with some interesting bits, related more to the physical activity, rather than actual exercises!

Bao Anh

So… I guess I should still exercise

Mary Robison

It is more like a 3。5 because it is too long and needs a good edit。 The concept of the book is interesting and frankly, should only be the first half, which is an anthropological examination of exercise through the scope of evolution。 It is well-written, interesting, and fun。 Then Lieberman gets into modern studies and it drags on and on。 It took me weeks to finish (and with speed reading the last chapter because I was over it) because I was losing interest。 My biggest issue with this book is th It is more like a 3。5 because it is too long and needs a good edit。 The concept of the book is interesting and frankly, should only be the first half, which is an anthropological examination of exercise through the scope of evolution。 It is well-written, interesting, and fun。 Then Lieberman gets into modern studies and it drags on and on。 It took me weeks to finish (and with speed reading the last chapter because I was over it) because I was losing interest。 My biggest issue with this book is that Lieberman tries to give advice about exercise after spending half of the book explaining that we didn't evolve to exercise。 The mismatch is fine, but poorly executed and it comes across as pompous and empty recommendations that we have all heard before。 I would have preferred an examination of how to mentally overcome the evolutionary causes of not exercising。 That would have been a better connection to his overall thesis。 And one more thing: he talks about obesity quite callously ok the last chapter and uses the BMI。 The BMI is a terrible metric and it bothers me that we still use it today as a measure of health。 。。。more

Rhinnan

3。5 stars。

Hakan Jackson

This book is exactly what it says it is and more。 This is another one of those science books that doesn't just tell you want the research says, but how and why the research was done in the first place。 Also, a lot of common believes on exercise are way off。 I know find myself cringing when I hear someone say they are going to exercise weight off。 There are many benefits to exercising, unfortunately losing weight isn't really one of them。 This book is exactly what it says it is and more。 This is another one of those science books that doesn't just tell you want the research says, but how and why the research was done in the first place。 Also, a lot of common believes on exercise are way off。 I know find myself cringing when I hear someone say they are going to exercise weight off。 There are many benefits to exercising, unfortunately losing weight isn't really one of them。 。。。more

Mitesh Patel

This is one of those quintessential books that should be a required reading。 The books articulates why we need to be physically active irrespective of the age based on superb analysis of evolutionary timeframe。

Mirko Salaris

Best book of the year, probably the best book on the whole topic of physical activity for many years to come。As always, an evolutionary perspective is illuminating, and Daniel Lieberman gives outstanding examples of this fact throughout the whole book。His ability to link sections and chapters is unmatched。 At the end of each section and chapter, there is a brief sentence or paragraph that helps introduce and launch the next section/chapter。 It never seems forced, it is never out of place, and it Best book of the year, probably the best book on the whole topic of physical activity for many years to come。As always, an evolutionary perspective is illuminating, and Daniel Lieberman gives outstanding examples of this fact throughout the whole book。His ability to link sections and chapters is unmatched。 At the end of each section and chapter, there is a brief sentence or paragraph that helps introduce and launch the next section/chapter。 It never seems forced, it is never out of place, and it's always on spot, interesting, and captivating。I should also note that, although I did not closely look for errors, I did not notice any。 Kudos to the editor。 。。。more

Alejandro

Lieberman has an interesting approach to exercise science, constantly analyzing and comparing hunter-gatherers to WEIRD humans。 This allows him to conclude that many of today's health issues come from a mismatch between what we evolved to do and how we live nowadays —a mismatch that can be repaired by exercising。 Lieberman has an interesting approach to exercise science, constantly analyzing and comparing hunter-gatherers to WEIRD humans。 This allows him to conclude that many of today's health issues come from a mismatch between what we evolved to do and how we live nowadays —a mismatch that can be repaired by exercising。 。。。more

Dawn

Don't usually read non-fiction, but wondered why I'm so lazy, so listened to this on audio to know it's just evolution telling me to sit around and get fat。 :-) You'll come away with some incentive to move for sure。 Don't usually read non-fiction, but wondered why I'm so lazy, so listened to this on audio to know it's just evolution telling me to sit around and get fat。 :-) You'll come away with some incentive to move for sure。 。。。more

Ben Rogers

I found this book particularly basic and dry。 Was expecting the kind of "human perseverance" type of book, but it just ended up being uninteresting to me in general。 2。6/5 I found this book particularly basic and dry。 Was expecting the kind of "human perseverance" type of book, but it just ended up being uninteresting to me in general。 2。6/5 。。。more

Josephine

It wasn’t terrible but a lot of it was a slog。 Great for evolutionary psychology people, maybe?

Spencer

Fantastic